Understanding hay fever: How to support irritating symptoms, naturally
What is hay fever, what may link it to wider bodily systems and how might you naturally support yourself?
Introduction
Hay fever, medically known as allergic rhinitis, is a common allergic reaction to airborne substances such as pollen, dust mites, or pet dander. From a functional medicine standpoint, which underpins all my work as a nutritional therapist, understanding the root causes and holistic management strategies in line with scientific evidence is essential for effective relief.
Onset and Symptoms of Hay Fever
Hay fever typically manifests during specific seasons when pollen counts are high, although indoor allergens can cause year-round symptoms. Common signs include:
Sneezing
Runny or blocked nose
Itchy, red, or watery eyes
Itchy throat, mouth, nose, or ears
Coughing
Fatigue
These symptoms arise when the immune system overreacts to harmless substances, releasing histamine and other chemicals that cause inflammation and irritation.
The Role of Histamine in Hay Fever
Histamine is a compound involved in local immune responses. When an allergen enters the body, immune cells called mast cells release histamine, leading to the characteristic symptoms of hay fever. This process is a protective mechanism, but in hay fever sufferers, it becomes overactive.
Histamine's Impact Beyond Hay Fever
Beyond allergic reactions, histamine influences and is influenced by various bodily functions, which is why, as a nutritional therapist, I look at my clients’ symptoms holistically, as there may be more at play:
Digestive System: Histamine is involved in regulating stomach acid secretion. Excessive histamine can be a contributory factor in digestive issues such as poor digestion and absorption of nutrients from food, gas, reflux, bloating or diarrhoea.
Nervous System: As a neurotransmitter (a chemical messenger), histamine affects sleep-wake cycles. Elevated levels can disrupt sleep, leading to insomnia or poor sleep quality.
Hormonal Balance: Histamine can influence hormone release, potentially affecting menstrual cycles, menopausal symptoms and contributing to headaches or migraines. There is also some, limited scientific discussion around the effects of anti-histamines on male sexual health and fertility, although the complex interaction with hormones indicates more studies are really needed in this area.
If you’d like to discuss this more, get in touch. I offer a free chat for anyone concerned about symptoms they may have; I can provide low-histamine meal and recipe plans for clients alongside other support, as required.
Conventional treatments
Over-the-counter antihistamines are commonly used to manage hay fever symptoms. Whilst they can be effective for many, they may cause side effects such as drowsiness or dry mouth. It's essential to consult with a healthcare professional before starting any medication.
Natural Approaches to Managing Hay Fever
Functional medicine emphasises addressing the root cause and supporting the body's natural defences. Several natural remedies have been studied for their potential benefits. These may be used, with the support of a healthcare professional, alongside any conventional medical support:
Nutrition
Quercetin: A flavonoid found in foods like onions, apples, and berries, quercetin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. It helps to stabilise mast cells, potentially reducing histamine release. Incorporating quercetin-rich foods or even supplements (only with professional support), may help in the management of hay fever symptoms.
Vitamin C: Known for its antihistamine properties, vitamin C may support a reduction in histamine levels. Consuming vitamin C-rich foods such as citrus fruits, strawberries, and bell peppers, may help your body to work at alleviating symptoms.
Bromelain: An enzyme found in pineapples, bromelain has anti-inflammatory effects and may reduce nasal swelling and mucus production.
Probiotics: A healthy gut microbiome supports immune function. Probiotics found in fermented foods like yoghurt, kefir, and sauerkraut may help modulate immune responses and reduce allergy symptoms. It’s essential to consult with a health professional regarding probiotics, particularly if you are aware you have digestive issues, as the type and amount of probiotics can aggravate certain conditions.
Local Honey: Some believe that consuming local honey can help the body adapt to local allergens, potentially reducing symptoms. However, scientific evidence supporting this is limited.
Lifestyle Modifications
In addition to dietary interventions, certain lifestyle changes may help to manage hay fever:
Nasal Irrigation: Rinsing nasal passages with saline solution can remove allergens and reduce congestion; using a saline based nasal spray (readily found alongside other nasal sprays in your local chemist) is an easy and natural way to do this.
Environmental Control: Keeping windows closed during high pollen counts, using air purifiers, and regularly cleaning living spaces can minimise allergen exposure. I have some recommendations for air purifiers (although they are not cheap) - get in touch if you’re interested in those (I have no affiliations!).
Stress Management: Chronic stress can weaken the immune system. Personalised nutritional gut health support alongside practices such as yoga, meditation, or deep breathing exercises can support overall health.
Conclusion
Hay fever is a common condition that can significantly impact quality of life. Understanding the role of histamine and its broader effects on the body provides a little insight into why looking at your overall health in a personalised way may support more comprehensive management. While conventional medications offer relief, natural remedies and lifestyle modifications can also play a crucial role in supporting the body's resilience against allergens. As always, it's essential to consult with a healthcare professional before making any significant changes to your health regimen.
It’s tough to make and sustain change alone. Having me in your corner can make it simple, doable, and most of all, enjoyable. Contact me if you’d like some support.
References
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